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Responding when problematic and harmful sexual behaviour happens online

These resources can help if you’re concerned about a problematic or harmful sexual behaviour (PHSB) involving a child or young person online.

When harm happens online, your response matters

The role of technology in facilitating problematic and harmful sexual behaviours (sometimes referred to a technology-facilitated PHSB) is continually changing.

While we’re still learning about it, we know that when you have clear information and know what steps to take, it can help all children and young people involved feel supported, reduce harm and promote safety.

How this collection helps

If you are able to take time to plan next steps, or would like to feel more prepared supporting a child or young person after online harm, these resources provide guidance on responding to problematic and harmful online sexual behaviours such as image-based abuse (for example, when sexual images are shared without consent).

They explain how to respond in calm, non-judgmental and supportive ways – whether you are supporting a child or young person directly or helping parents and carers respond.

You'll find information on what to say, possible actions to take, when to seek further help, so you can provide timely, thoughtful support.

Resources for people working with children and young people

Information and tools for assessing concerns, safety planning and responding supportively when a child or young person has displayed PHSB online.

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Resources for sharing with children and young people

Information, reporting pathways and guides to share with children and young people who have been harmed, or displayed technology-facilitated PHSB.

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What to do if you shared someone's intimate image or video

If a young person shares a sexual image of someone online, there are steps they can take to limit potential harm. This guide walks them through what to do.

eSafety Commissioner • 2025
What to do if someone leaks your nudes

Step-by-step guide for young people on what to do if someone shares, or threatens to share, their ‘intimate’ pictures or ‘nudes’.

ReachOut • 2025

Resources for sharing with parents and carers

Practical guidance to help parents and carers when their child has been harmed or displayed technology-facilitated PHSB.

Browse resources by topic

Not a practitioner?

Parents and carers

If you’re a parent or carer seeking information or worrying about a behaviour, you're not alone. Find resources to help you understand child sexual development, support safety, and respond to concerns about sexual behaviour.

Children and young people

It’s normal to have questions about your body, feelings, sex and relationships. If you’re a young person looking for information – head here. We’ve got information just for you.